Table 4 Differences in plagiarism incidences by institutional ranking
Indicate Originality | Academic institution Ranking | Â | Â | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
High ranked (n = 6622) | Medium ranked (n = 13966) | Low ranked (n = 5271) | F | η2 | rp | ||
Before COVID-19 | M SD | 87.17 (23.90) | 83.61 (26.36) | 79.19 (29.02) | 24.50*** | 0.11 | -0.081*** |
During COVID-19 | M SD | 80.45 (29.71) | 72.56 (30.26) | 69.90 (33.10) | 37.92*** | 0.13 | -0.137*** |
After COVID-19 | M | 82.86 | 79.95 | 73.02 | 90.83*** | 0.10 | -0.095*** |
SD | (28.56) | (29.46) | (31.95) | ||||
Percentage change Before and After COVID-19 | Â | 4.9% | 4.3% | 7.7% | Â | Â | |